The Republic of Buryatia is a constituent entity of the Russian Federation making part of the Far Eastern Federal District. It is located in the southern part of Asian Russia, in
the south of Eastern Siberia. Placed in the Transbaikal region, it is washed by
Lake Baikal. The capital of the republic is Ulan-Ude, founded in 1666 (known as
Verkhneudinsk between 1775 and 1934). The republic is gifted with Russia’s largest
deposits of polymetallic and molybdenum ores, fluorite, nephrite varieties. There
are also known occurrences of gold, asbestos and beryllium ores. The largest
industries in Buryatia are machine building and metalworking, electric power
industry, non-ferrous metallurgy, food industry, timber and woodworking
industries. The republic’s agriculture specializes in the cultivation of cereal
crops, potatoes and vegetables. Animal husbandry specializes in meat and dairy
cattle farming, sheep breeding, horse breeding and pig farming. The republic is
home to several nature reserves, including Barguzinsky Biosphere Reserve, Dzherginsky
Nature Reserve and Zabaikalsky National Park.
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